All cattle and calves in Wisconsin as of Jan. 1 totaled 3.25 million head, according to the latest USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service – Cattle report. This was up 50,000 head from Jan. 1, 2024.
Beef cows, at 275,000 head, were up 15,000 head from last year. Milk cow inventory was down 5,000 head at 1.27 million head.
All heifers 500 pounds and more were up 5% at 680,000 head. Heifers for beef cow replacement were up 18% from 2024 at 65,000 head; heifers for milk cow replacement, at 510,000 head, were up 2% from the previous year; and all other heifers were up 11% at 105,000 head.
Steers weighing 500 pounds and more were unchanged from last year at 360,000 head. Bulls weighing 500 pounds and more were unchanged at 30,000 head. Calves less than 500 pounds on Jan. 1 totaled 640,000 head, up 2% from last year.
The 2024 calf crop was estimated at 1.37 million head, unchanged from the 2023 calf crop. Cattle and calves on feed for slaughter in all feedlots on Jan. 1 totaled 230,000 head, up 5% from one year ago.
All cattle and calves in the United States as of Jan. 1 totaled 86.7 million head, 1% below the 87.2 million head on Jan. 1, 2024.
All cows and heifers that have calved, at 37.2 million head, were slightly below the 37.4 million head on Jan. 1, 2024. Beef cows, at 27.9 million head, were down 1% from a year ago. Milk cows, at 9.35 million head, were up slightly from the previous year.
All heifers 500 pounds and more as of Jan. 1 totaled 18.2 million head, 1% below the 18.3 million head on Jan. 1, 2024. Beef replacement heifers, at 4.67 million head, were down 1% from a year ago. Milk replacement heifers, at 3.91 million head, were down 1% from the previous year. Other heifers, at 9.59 million head, were 1% below a year earlier.
Steers weighing 500 pounds and more as of Jan. 1 totaled 15.8 million head, down 1% from Jan. 1, 2024.
Bulls weighing 500 pounds and more as of Jan. 1 totaled 2.01 million head, down 1% from Jan. 1, 2024.
Calves less than 500 pounds as of Jan. 1 totaled 13.5 million head, down slightly from Jan. 1, 2024.
Cattle and calves on feed for the slaughter market in the United States for all feedlots totaled 14.3 million head on Jan. 1. The inventory is down 1% from the Jan. 1, 2024, total of 14.4 million head. Cattle on feed in feedlots with capacity of 1,000 or more head accounted for 82.7% of the total cattle on feed on Jan. 1, up slightly from the previous year. The combined total of calves less than 500 pounds and other heifers and steers more than 500 pounds (outside of feedlots), at 24.6 million head, was slightly below Jan. 1, 2024.
The 2024 calf crop in the United States was estimated at 33.5 million head, down slightly from the previous year’s calf crop. Calves born during the first half of 2024 were estimated at 24.6 million head, down slightly from the first half of 2023. Calves born during the second half of 2024 were estimated at 8.93 million head, 27% of the total 2024 calf crop.
All inventory and calf crop estimates for July 1, 2023, and Jan. 1, 2024, were reviewed using calf crop, official slaughter, import and export data and the relationship of new survey information to the prior surveys. Based on the findings of this review, July 1, 2023, all cows and heifers that have calved decreased by 0.3% and 2023 calf crop decreased by 0.1%. For Jan. 1, 2024, all cows and heifers that have calved decreased by 0.6%.
State-level estimates were reviewed and changes were made to reallocate inventory estimates to the United States total.
The complete report can be found on the USDA NASS website at www.nass.usda.gov/Publications.
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