Recognize and respond to hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia, a serious condition characterized by dangerously low blood sugar levels, can pose immediate health risks if left unaddressed. Understanding the symptoms and knowing how to respond effectively is essential for ensuring the safety and well-being of those at risk. Hypoglycemia occurs when blood sugar levels drop too low, potentially leading to various health complications. “Hypoglycemia can happen for several reasons,” said Rebecca Thao, a pharmacy resident at Aspirus Health. “One common cause is that your body might have too much insulin, particularly if you are on insulin therapy or taking certain oral diabetes medication.” Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps convert sugar into energy. Other contributing factors include excessive exercise and skipping meals. Early recognition of hypoglycemia is vital. Common signs and symptoms to watch for include shakiness, hunger, fast heartbeat and dizziness. If you experience any of these symptoms, Thao advises taking immediate action. “The first step is to check your blood sugar with a glucose monitor if you have one,” she said. If blood sugar levels are low, follow the “Rule of 15.” • Consume 15 grams of fast-acting carbohydrates, such as 4 ounces of regular soda (not diet), 4 ounces of orange juice or three to four glucose tablets. • Wait 15 minutes to allow your body to absorb the sugar. • Recheck your blood sugar. If it remains below 70 mg/dL, repeat the process. Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels is essential for many patients, especially those living with type 1 diabetes, taking insulin or certain oral medications. Fluctuations can occur throughout the day due to various factors, and if levels drop below the target range, immediate action is necessary. “Always be aware of your body’s signals and have a plan in place to respond to low blood sugar episodes,” Thao said. By recognizing the signs and knowing how to respond, individuals can help safeguard their health throughout Diabetes Month and beyond. Learn more at www.aspirus.org/diabetes-care.